Article on cultural symbols

Cultural Symbols of Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka, a country rich in cultural diversity, boasts a myriad of symbols deeply rooted in its history and traditions. The iconic Lion Flag, featuring a golden lion holding a sword, symbolizes the Sinhalese people and their bravery. The Bodhi tree, linked to Buddhism, is revered as a symbol of enlightenment, with the Jaya Sri Maha Bodhi in Anuradhapura being one of the oldest living trees in the world.

National Flag of Sri Lanka

The lion on Sri Lanka's national flag, which symbolizes the Sinhalese people and their first ruler, is carrying a sword in its right forepaw. The Buddhist emblem is represented by the dark red/maroon backdrop. Four Sublime States are represented by four golden-yellow ‘Bo’ leaves, one in each corner. A golden border encircling the background symbolizes the community of Buddhist monks. Moors and Tamil communities are represented by two green and saffron vertical stripes on the left. In 1950, the current flag was approved.

The traditional Kandyan dance, adorned with vibrant costumes and intricate movements, embodies the island's artistic heritage. The stylized moonstone, found in ancient temples, signifies the Buddhist path to nirvana. Additionally, the stilt fishermen along the southern coast are symbolic of the island's maritime culture.

The Kandyan Dances

The Kandyan, or up-country (udarata natum), dances, are regarded as the classical dance tradition of Sri Lanka. Kandyan dancers are traditionally performed only by male dancers. The technique, partly derived from South India, focuses on dynamism, powerful footwork, leaps and whirls. It has a vast repertoire, partly originating from an ancient indigenous ritual dance, partly influenced by South Indian dances. Kandyan dances are now probably the country’s most important cultural export. However, the most spectacular performances can still be seen in a religious context, particularly during the annual Kandy Perahera procession in the city of Kandy.

Temple of the Tooth

Located in Kandy, the Temple of the Tooth (Sri Dalada Maligawa) is a sacred site for Buddhists around the world. It houses a relic believed to be a tooth of Lord Buddha. The temple's annual Esala Perahera, or the Tooth Relic Festival, is a grand procession that showcases the rich cultural traditions of Sri Lanka.

The Tamil community contributes the karthigai vilakku, a lamp lighting ceremony, symbolizing the triumph of light over darkness. The intricate kolam designs, drawn in front of homes, reflect cultural aesthetics and auspiciousness.

Kolam Designs

Thaipongal is a harvest celebration, popular among all Tamil communities, predominantly in the Hindu religion. The kolam or rangoli as it is known in India is a trademark of many Hindu homes. Its concept can be traced back to many centuries, as it began as a humble housewife’s task to adorn the main entrance of the house with vibrant expression.

These symbols not only showcase Sri Lanka's cultural depth but also serve as a testament to the harmonious coexistence of diverse communities on this enchanting island.